The Tempest – William Shakespeare

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Apuntes de la lección

Overview and Context

  • The Tempest is a play by William Shakespeare.
  • It is a set text for IGCSE Literature in English (0475).
  • The play is studied as drama and may appear in Paper 2 Section A (Drama) or Component 3 (Coursework).
  • In Paper 2, candidates answer one passage-based and one essay question on each set text.
  • In Component 3, candidates write a comparative essay on two complete texts, one of which must be drama.
  • The play explores themes of loss and restoration, power, magic and illusion, and colonization.

Loss and Restoration

  • Prospero's attempt to recover his lost dukedom of Milan drives the plot.
  • Ariel lost his freedom to Sycorax and now serves Prospero.
  • Caliban considers himself the rightful ruler of the island but was overthrown and enslaved by Prospero.
  • By creating the tempest that shipwrecks Alonso and his courtiers, Prospero strips them of their position and power.
  • The theme of loss and restoration is central to the play's structure and character development.

Power

  • From the opening storm, when courtiers must take orders from sailors, the play examines questions about power.
  • Key questions include: Who has power? Who is entitled to it? What is responsible exercise of power? How should power be transferred?
  • The play is full of examples of power taken by force.
  • Prospero's magic gives him total control over events on the island.
  • Caliban and Ariel both experience loss of freedom and serve Prospero, illustrating power dynamics.

Magic, Illusion, and Prospero as Playwright

  • The play begins with Prospero's magic (the tempest) and ends with his magic (commanding Ariel to ensure safe return).
  • Prospero uses visual and aural illusions to manipulate his enemies and expose their true selves.
  • At nearly every point, Prospero's magic gives him total control—he always seems to know what will happen next.
  • Prospero can be seen as a playwright figure, orchestrating events and illusions.
  • Ariel performs magical tasks, such as the song 'Full fathom five thy father lies'.

Colonization

  • When the play was written and first performed, Shakespeare and his audiences were interested in European colonization efforts.
  • The play explores the relationship between the European colonizer and the native colonized peoples through Prospero and Caliban.
  • Prospero views Caliban as a lesser being than himself.
  • Caliban says, 'You taught me language, and my profit on ’t / Is, I know how to curse.'
  • Prospero calls Caliban 'Thou poisonous slave, got by the devil himself / Upon thy wicked dam'.

Key Characters

  • Prospero: the rightful Duke of Milan, a magician, and father to Miranda.
  • Miranda: Prospero's daughter, who exclaims, 'O brave new world / That has such people in ’t!'
  • Ariel: an airy spirit who serves Prospero and performs magic.
  • Caliban: the native inhabitant of the island, enslaved by Prospero.
  • Ferdinand: the King's son, who leaps from the burning ship.
  • Alonso: the King of Naples, shipwrecked on the island.
  • Stephano and Trinculo: comic characters who interact with Caliban.

Key Quotations

  • Caliban: 'Be not afeard. The isle is full of noises, / Sounds, and sweet airs, that give delight, and hurt not.'
  • Ariel (song): 'Full fathom five thy father lies. / Of his bones are coral made.'
  • Prospero: 'We are such stuff / As dreams are made on, and our little life / Is rounded with a sleep.'
  • Prospero: 'But this rough magic / I here abjure... I'll break my staff, / Bury it certain fathoms in the earth, / And deeper than did ever plummet sound / I'll drown my book.'
  • Miranda: 'O, wonder! / How many goodly creatures are there here! / How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world / That has such people in ’t!'
  • Prospero: 'This thing of darkness I / Acknowledge mine.'
  • Caliban: 'You taught me language, and my profit on ’t / Is, I know how to curse.'

Exam Preparation

  • In Paper 2 Section A, you will answer one question from a choice of two on The Tempest: one passage-based and one essay question.
  • The exam is open text: you may take a copy of the play into the exam.
  • You may use highlighting, underlining, or brief handwritten notes to navigate the text.
  • Sticky notes are not allowed, and there should be no other separate pieces of paper in the set text.
  • Questions test all four Assessment Objectives (AO1–AO4) holistically.
  • AO1: detailed knowledge of content, supported by reference to the text.
  • AO2: understanding of meanings and contexts, exploring beyond surface meanings.
  • AO3: analysis of language, structure, and form.
  • AO4: sensitive and informed personal response.

Diapositivas

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Preguntas de práctica

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  1. 1.In The Tempest, who is the first man to leap from the burning ship during the storm?

    Easy
    • AFerdinand
    • BAlonso
    • CAntonio
    • DStephano
  2. 2.In The Tempest, which character says 'You taught me language, and my profit on 't / Is, I know how to curse'?

    Medium
    • ACaliban
    • BAriel
    • CTrinculo
    • DProspero
  3. 3.In The Tempest, who sings the song beginning 'Full fathom five thy father lies. / Of his bones are coral made'?

    Medium
    • AAriel
    • BMiranda
    • CCaliban
    • DProspero
  4. 4.In The Tempest, which character says 'The isle is full of noises, / Sounds, and sweet airs, that give delight, and hurt not'?

    Medium
    • ACaliban
    • BAriel
    • CStephano
    • DTrinculo
  5. 5.In The Tempest, Prospero says 'We are such stuff / As dreams are made on, and our little life / Is rounded with a sleep.' What is he speaking about in this moment?

    Medium
    • AThe dissolving of the world's grand structures, including the great globe itself
    • BHis plan to break his staff and drown his book
    • CCaliban's plot to take his life
    • DAriel's longing to be free from service
  6. 6.In The Tempest, Prospero says 'But this rough magic / I here abjure' and promises to 'break my staff' and 'drown my book.' Which theme does this moment most directly develop?

    Medium
    • AMagic, illusion, and Prospero as playwright
    • BColonization and the colonizer's view of native peoples
    • CLoss and restoration of the dukedom
    • DPower taken by force during the storm
  7. 7.In The Tempest, Miranda says 'O brave new world / That has such people in 't!' and Prospero replies ''Tis new to thee.' What does Prospero's reply reveal?

    Medium
    • AHe knows the people she admires are not as innocent as she believes
    • BHe is angry that she has spoken to strangers
    • CHe has never seen the courtiers before either
    • DHe wants Miranda to marry Ferdinand immediately
  8. 8.In The Tempest, Prospero describes Caliban as 'this thing of darkness I / Acknowledge mine.' What does this line show about their relationship?

    Medium
    • AProspero accepts responsibility for Caliban while still treating him as less than human
    • BProspero plans to set Caliban free on the island
    • CCaliban has become Prospero's equal
    • DProspero denies knowing Caliban at all

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