The periodic table
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練習問題
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1.In the periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass.
EasyTrue or false?
2.What is the name of the rows in the periodic table?
Easy- AGroups
- BPeriods
- CBlocks
- DFamilies
3.What does the atomic number (Z) of an element represent?
Easy- ANumber of neutrons
- BNumber of protons
- CNumber of electrons
- DNumber of nucleons
4.Which of the following elements would you expect to have chemical properties most similar to oxygen?
Medium- ANitrogen
- BSulfur
- CFluorine
- DCarbon
5.Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of electrons.
EasyTrue or false?
6.Arrange the following elements in order of increasing metallic character: fluorine, sodium, aluminum, chlorine.
Medium- fluorine
- chlorine
- aluminum
- sodium
7.Which of the following statements about the periodic table are correct? (Select all that apply)
Medium- AElements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.
- BElements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.
- CMendeleev arranged elements by atomic number.
- DThe modern periodic table is based on atomic mass.
8.Nonmetallic character increases as you move from the bottom left to the top right of the periodic table.
EasyTrue or false?
もっと問題
9.Who discovered that the actinides are f-block elements, leading to the modern form of the periodic table?
Medium- ADmitri Mendeleev
- BGlenn T. Seaborg
- CHenry Moseley
- DJohn Newlands
10.Match each group number with the name of that group.
Easy- Group 1
- Group 2
- Group 17
- Group 18
- Alkali metals
- Alkaline earth metals
- Halogens
- Noble gases
11.Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radius: chlorine (Cl), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P).
Hard- Chlorine
- Phosphorus
- Magnesium
- Sodium
12.Which element is most likely to have chemical properties similar to sulfur (S)?
Medium- AOxygen (O)
- BNitrogen (N)
- CChlorine (Cl)
- DPhosphorus (P)
13.Nonmetallic character increases from left to right across a period.
EasyTrue or false?
14.Which scientist discovered that the actinides are f-block elements, leading to the modern form of the periodic table?
Medium- ADmitri Mendeleev
- BGlenn T. Seaborg
- CHenry Moseley
- DJohn Newlands
15.Which of the following are properties of metals? (Select all that apply)
Easy- AGood conductors of electricity
- BBrittle
- CMalleable
- DLow melting points
16.Arrange the following elements in order of increasing electronegativity: fluorine (F), lithium (Li), carbon (C), and neon (Ne).
Hard- Lithium
- Carbon
- Fluorine
- Neon
17.An element has atomic number 20 and mass number 40. How many neutrons does an atom of this element have?
Easy- A20
- B40
- C60
- D10
18.Which of the following elements would have chemical properties most similar to selenium (Se)?
Medium- ASulfur (S)
- BArsenic (As)
- CBromine (Br)
- DTellurium (Te)
19.The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic mass.
EasyTrue or false?
20.Match each group number with the correct name.
Easy- Group 1
- Group 2
- Group 17
- Group 18
- Alkali metals
- Alkaline earth metals
- Halogens
- Noble gases
21.A student wants to investigate the trend in reactivity of Group 1 metals. She places a small piece of lithium, sodium, and potassium separately in water. Which observation would indicate the most reactive metal?
Medium- AThe metal that fizzes gently and floats
- BThe metal that melts into a ball and moves rapidly with a flame
- CThe metal that sinks and bubbles slowly
- DThe metal that does not react
22.An unknown element X has the following properties: it is a solid at room temperature, conducts electricity, and forms an oxide with the formula XO. To which group of the periodic table is X most likely to belong?
Hard- AGroup 1
- BGroup 2
- CGroup 16
- DGroup 17
23.Which of the following are properties of non-metals? (Select all that apply)
Medium- AThey are usually gases or brittle solids
- BThey are good conductors of electricity
- CThey have high melting points
- DThey form acidic oxides
24.Match each element with its group name.
Medium- Helium
- Chlorine
- Calcium
- Nitrogen
- Noble gas
- Halogen
- Alkaline earth metal
- Pnictogen
25.Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radius: lithium (Li), beryllium (Be), boron (B), carbon (C).
Medium- Li
- Be
- B
- C
26.Which of the following elements is most likely to have chemical properties similar to those of sulfur (S)?
Easy- AOxygen (O)
- BChlorine (Cl)
- CPhosphorus (P)
- DSilicon (Si)
27.Elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same number of electron shells.
EasyTrue or false?
28.Which of the following elements is a noble gas?
Easy- AChlorine
- BArgon
- COxygen
- DNitrogen
29.Mendeleev's periodic table was arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
EasyTrue or false?
30.What is the term for atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons?
Easy- AIsotopes
- BIons
- CMolecules
- DAllotropes
31.What is the name of the vertical columns in the periodic table?
Easy- AGroups
- BPeriods
- CBlocks
- DSeries
32.Match each scientist with their contribution to the periodic table.
Medium- Dmitri Mendeleev
- Glenn T. Seaborg
- Henry Moseley
- Arranged elements by atomic mass and predicted missing elements
- Discovered that actinides are f-block elements
- Determined atomic numbers from X-ray spectra
33.Arrange the following elements in order of increasing nonmetallic character: chlorine (Cl), sodium (Na), silicon (Si), argon (Ar).
Medium- Sodium (Na)
- Silicon (Si)
- Chlorine (Cl)
- Argon (Ar)
34.Which of the following statements about Mendeleev's periodic table are correct? (Select all that apply)
Medium- AIt was arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
- BIt had gaps for undiscovered elements.
- CIt was based on the periodic law of chemical properties depending on atomic mass.
- DIt correctly placed all elements known at the time without any errors.
35.Match each block on the periodic table with the subshell that is being filled.
Easy- s-block
- p-block
- d-block
- f-block
- s subshell
- p subshell
- d subshell
- f subshell
36.Which of the following elements would you expect to have chemical properties most similar to selenium (Se)?
Medium- AOxygen (O)
- BChlorine (Cl)
- CBromine (Br)
- DSulfur (S)
37.A student is investigating the reactivity of Group 1 metals with water. She places a small piece of lithium, sodium, and potassium separately in water. Which metal reacts most vigorously?
Easy- ALithium
- BSodium
- CPotassium
- DThey all react the same
38.Mendeleev left gaps in his periodic table for undiscovered elements. Which of the following best describes why his predictions for the properties of these missing elements were generally accurate?
Medium- AHe had determined the atomic masses of the missing elements from their positions.
- BHe used the trends in properties of elements surrounding the gaps to predict the missing ones.
- CHe had already isolated the missing elements in his laboratory.
- DHe relied on the fact that atomic number determines chemical properties.
39.The periodic law states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic recurrence of their properties.
EasyTrue or false?
40.What is the term for the vertical columns in the periodic table?
Easy- APeriods
- BGroups
- CBlocks
- DSeries
41.Complete the sentence.
EasyElements in the same ____ tend to show similar chemical characteristics.
42.How many naturally occurring isotopes does carbon have?
Easy43.State the periodic law.
Medium44.An atom of chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its mass number?
Easy45.Complete the sentence:
EasyThe rows of the periodic table are called ____ and the columns are called ____.
46.What is the periodic law?
Medium47.What is the atomic number of an element that has 12 protons?
Easy48.What is the name of the horizontal rows in the periodic table?
Easy49.A neutral atom has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its mass number?
Easy50.What is the term for atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons?
Easy51.An element has an atomic number of 26. How many electrons are in a neutral atom of this element?
Easy52.What is the chemical symbol for the element with atomic number 6?
Easy53.Explain why Mendeleev's periodic table was more widely accepted than earlier versions, despite having gaps.
Hard54.How many naturally occurring isotopes does carbon have?
Easy- A2
- B4
- C3
- D5
55.An atom of chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its mass number?
Easy- A31
- B39
- C43
- D35
56.What is the atomic number of an element that has 12 protons?
Easy- A12
- B13
- C14
- D11
57.A neutral atom has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its mass number?
Easy- A39
- B35
- C31
- D43
58.An element has an atomic number of 26. How many electrons are in a neutral atom of this element?
Easy- A23
- B29
- C26
- D32
フラッシュカード
What is the periodic table?
The periodic table is an ordered arrangement of chemical elements into rows (periods) and columns (groups) based on increasing atomic number, showing periodic recurrence of properties.
What does the periodic law state?
The periodic law states that when elements are arranged in order of their atomic numbers, an approximate recurrence of their properties is evident.
Who created the first widely accepted periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, created the first widely accepted periodic table in 1869.
How did Mendeleev use the periodic law?
Mendeleev used the periodic law to predict properties of missing elements, leaving gaps in his table for undiscovered elements.
What is a group in the periodic table?
A group is a vertical column in the periodic table; elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and the same number of electrons in their outermost subshell.
What is a period in the periodic table?
A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table; a new period starts when a new electron shell begins to fill.
How does metallic character change across a period?
Metallic character decreases from left to right across a period.
How does metallic character change down a group?
Metallic character increases down a group.
How does nonmetallic character trend on the periodic table?
Nonmetallic character increases from bottom left to top right of the periodic table.
What is atomic number (Z)?
Atomic number (Z) is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; it uniquely identifies a chemical element.
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
How are isotopes represented in the periodic table?
Isotopes are not separated; they are grouped together under a single element. The atomic mass shown is usually the weighted average of naturally occurring isotopes.
What is a chemical symbol?
A chemical symbol is a one- or two-letter abbreviation for an element, e.g., H for hydrogen, He for helium.
What are the four blocks of the periodic table?
The periodic table is divided into four blocks: s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block, based on the subshell being filled.
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outermost subshell, leading to similar chemical behavior.
What did Glenn T. Seaborg discover about the periodic table?
Glenn T. Seaborg discovered that the actinides are f-block elements, not d-block, leading to the modern form of the table in 1945.
What is the atomic number of hydrogen?
Hydrogen has atomic number 1.
What is the atomic number of helium?
Helium has atomic number 2.
What is the atomic number of lithium?
Lithium has atomic number 3.
How many naturally occurring elements exist?
In nature, only elements up to atomic number 94 exist; elements beyond that are synthesized in laboratories.
What determines the order of elements in the periodic table?
Elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number.
What is the trend in nonmetallic character from left to right across a period?
Nonmetallic character increases from left to right across a period.
What is the trend in metallic character from top to bottom in a group?
Metallic character increases from top to bottom in a group.