Future and conditional
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Notas de aula
Future with werden
- Active Futur I uses present indicative werden plus a bare infinitive in the taught model: ich werde reisen, du wirst studieren, er/sie/es wird arbeiten, wir werden fahren, ihr werdet spielen, sie/Sie werden helfen. No zu is inserted before the infinitive.
- Werden also has become and passive uses; a participle rather than an infinitive can change the construction. Wir werden fahren is active future, while wir werden gefahren can mean we are being driven. Futur I may also convey supposition in another context; a future statement is not a guarantee.
Present indicative werden
Present for the future
- Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin and nächste Woche besuche ich ein Museum use present forms with future reference. An explicit time expression makes the reference clear in these written examples.
- Conversation can establish future reference without repeating a time word in every sentence. Distinguish grammatical tense from the time an event refers to; future meaning does not require werden in every German sentence. No particular school or travel route is compulsory for a practice model.
Distinguish form from future reference
Wenn clauses
- Wenn ich Zeit habe, komme ich expresses an open condition here. Habe closes the standard written subordinate clause; the entire fronted wenn clause occupies one opening constituent position, followed by finite komme and then ich in the main-clause continuation.
- Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich reisen expresses an imagined condition and consequence. Wenn may mean if or when according to context and does not automatically require Konjunktiv II. A real-world future condition can use present forms.
Build the written conditional sentence
The conditional (würde)
- The würde construction is Konjunktiv II, often called conditional in language teaching: ich würde, du würdest, er/sie/es würde, wir würden, ihr würdet, sie/Sie würden plus an infinitive. Ich würde gern reisen means I would like to travel.
- Keep würde apart from indicative werde and wurde. Ich werde reisen is Futur I in the stated plan; ich wurde müde describes becoming tired in the past; ich würde reisen an imagined action. Form, mood and time reference are related but distinct.
Keep form and meaning distinct
Subjunctive of common verbs
- Direct ich Konjunktiv II models are wäre from sein, hätte from haben, könnte from können and müsste from müssen. These forms often express a present/future imagined situation rather than an actual past fact.
- Subject forms vary: du wärst or wärest, du hättest, wir wären, wir hätten, Sie könnten. Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich helfen is one contextual model. Sollte can also express advice and dürften permission or supposition depending on context; do not assign every form one universal English meaning.
Use direct Konjunktiv II forms
Polite requests
- Ich hätte gern ein Buch, bitte expresses a tentative book request. Ich möchte ein Buch is another possible request. Könnten Sie mir helfen? asks a formal addressee could you help me, using plural-form könnten with Sie.
- Helfen takes dative mir for the recipient. Tone and context affect politeness; neither hätte nor könnte automatically guarantees a polite interaction. Practice uses fictional situations and never requires a real purchase or personal account.
Complete the request
Hopes and plans
- Ich habe vor, nach Berlin zu fahren means I intend to travel to Berlin; ich plane, ein Museum zu besuchen I plan to visit a museum. The intended action is supplied by the zu-infinitive; an incomplete ich plane alone does not identify it.
- Ich hoffe, dass es schön sein wird means I hope it will be nice. In this written subordinate construction infinitive sein precedes finite wird at the end. A hope or plan is not a guaranteed prediction; other coherent plans can replace these fictional examples.
Complete the intended action
Time expressions
- Morgen tomorrow, nächste Woche next week, bald soon, in Zukunft in the future and später later can help locate events. Später may refer to a later point in a past account; a time expression alone does not determine grammatical tense or mood.
- Original text: Morgen werde ich ein Museum besuchen. Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich auch ins Kino gehen. Distinguish the stated museum plan from the conditional cinema action. The text does not assert that both events will certainly take place.
Read the plan and condition separately
Slides
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Questões de prática
Prévia grátis — 8 de 33 perguntas. Cadastre-se para ver todas.
1.Which is the active Futur I indicative form for ich + spielen?
Easy- Aich werde spielen
- Bich wurde spielen
- Cich wirde spielen
- Dich spiele werde
2.Which is the active Futur I indicative form for er + gehen?
Easy- Aer werde gehen
- Ber wurde gehen
- Cer wird gegangen
- Der wird gehen
3.Which is the active Futur I indicative form for wir + fahren?
Easy- Awir wurden fahren
- Bwir werden gefahren
- Cwir werden fahren
- Dwir wird fahren
4.What is the du present indicative form of werden?
Easy- Adu werde
- Bdu wirst
- Cdu wird
- Ddu werdet
5.What is the ihr present indicative form of werden?
Easy- Aihr werdet
- Bihr werden
- Cihr wird
- Dihr wirst
6.What does "bald" mean?
Easy- Anever
- Balways
- Cyesterday
- Dsoon
7.What does "in Zukunft" mean?
Easy- Ain town
- Bin a hurry
- Cin the future
- Din the past
8.How do you say "I would like to travel"?
Easy- AIch würde reisen gern ist
- BIch würde gern reisen
- CIch werde gern reisen
- DIch wurde gern reisen
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