Cells

9.Which of the following is NOT a part of cell theory?

10.A scientist measures the diameter of a bacterial cell as 2 μm. What is this measurement in metres?

11.Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

12.What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

13.A student measures the diameter of a bacterial cell as 2 μm. What is this measurement in metres?

14.A scientist observes cells under a microscope. The cells have a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is most likely being observed?

15.A scientist measures the volume of a cell to be 1000 μm³. If the cell is spherical, what is its approximate radius? (Volume of sphere = 4/3 π r³)

16.A student prepares a slide of onion epidermal cells and observes them under a microscope. The cells appear rectangular and have a distinct cell wall. Which organelle would be most visible in these cells?

17.The table shows the number of organelles in two different cells: | Organelle | Cell X | Cell Y | |-----------|--------|--------| | Nucleus | 1 | 0 | | Mitochondria | 100 | 0 | | Cell wall | Present | Present | Which of the following is most likely true about Cell X and Cell Y?

18.A student uses a microscope to view a cell with a magnification of 400×. If the cell appears 200 μm in diameter under the microscope, what is the actual diameter of the cell?

19.A scientist investigates the effect of a drug on cell division. She counts the number of cells in a culture over time and obtains the following data: | Time (hours) | Number of cells | |--------------|-----------------| | 0 | 100 | | 1 | 200 | | 2 | 400 | | 3 | 800 | What is the doubling time of the cell population?

20.A student uses a microscope with an eyepiece lens of ×10 and an objective lens of ×40. The student measures the diameter of a cell as 50 μm using a graticule. What is the actual diameter of the cell?

21.A scientist observes that a cell type has a large number of mitochondria and a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following functions is this cell most likely specialised for?

22.The diagram shows a plant cell. Which labelled part is the site of aerobic respiration?

23.A student wants to observe the nucleus of an onion cell. Which of the following stains would be most appropriate?

24.In an experiment, a student places red blood cells in a beaker of distilled water. After 10 minutes, what is most likely to happen to the red blood cells?

25.Which of the following is a function of the cell wall in plant cells?

26.A scientist measures the length of a bacterial cell as 2.0 μm. She then magnifies it 10,000 times using an electron microscope. What will be the length of the image in centimetres?

27.The diagram shows a bacterium. Which labelled part is responsible for motility?

28.Which of the following is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

29.A student prepares a slide of cheek cells and stains them with methylene blue. Under the microscope, she sees a darkly stained structure in each cell. What is this structure?

30.A scientist treats a culture of bacteria with an antibiotic that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

31.A student observes a cell under a microscope and notes the presence of a nucleoid region. Which type of cell is the student most likely observing?

32.A scientist observes a cell that contains a nucleus, mitochondria, and a cell wall. Which of the following is the most likely identity of this cell?

33.A student measures the diameter of a spherical cell as 20 μm. What is the volume of this cell? (Volume of sphere = 4/3 π r³)

34.The table shows the number of organelles in two different cells: | Organelle | Cell X | Cell Y | |-----------|--------|--------| | Nucleus | 1 | 0 | | Mitochondria | many | 0 | | Ribosomes | many | many | Which of the following is the most likely identity of Cell Y?

35.The diagram shows a plant cell. Which labelled part is the site of photosynthesis?

36.A scientist observes that a cell type has a large number of mitochondria and a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following functions is this cell most likely specialized for?

37.A student prepares a slide of onion epidermal cells and observes them under a microscope. The cells appear rectangular and have a distinct cell wall. Which organelle is most likely to be absent in these cells?

38.A student stains a sample of cheek cells with methylene blue and observes them under a light microscope. Which of the following structures would be most clearly visible?

39.An experiment is set up to investigate the effect of salt concentration on red blood cells. Red blood cells are placed in solutions of different salt concentrations and observed under a microscope. In a 0.9% salt solution (isotonic), the cells appear normal. In a 0.2% salt solution, the cells swell and burst. What is the most likely explanation for this?

40.The diagram shows a plant cell. Which labelled structure is the site of photosynthesis?

41.All cells have a nucleus.

42.Which of the following are present in both plant and animal cells? (Select all that apply)

43.Match each organelle to its function.

44.Arrange the following in order of increasing size: (a) bacterium, (b) human cell, (c) virus, (d) nucleus.

45.A scientist observes a cell under a microscope. It has a nucleus, mitochondria, and a cell wall. What type of cell is it most likely to be?

46.The cell wall is made of cellulose in plant cells.

47.Match each cell structure to its primary function.

48.Arrange the following in order of increasing size (smallest first): (a) human cell, (b) virus, (c) bacterium, (d) nucleus.

49.Prokaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.

50.A scientist observes a cell under a microscope. The cell has a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is most likely being observed?

51.Fill in the blank: The organelle where photosynthesis occurs is the ___.

52.Name the organelle that provides energy for cell functions.

53.A spherical cell has a diameter of 20 μm. Calculate its volume in μm³. (Volume of sphere = 4/3 π r³, use π = 3.14)

54.Complete the sentence:

55.Complete the sentence: The organelle where photosynthesis occurs is the ___.

56.A scientist measures the length of a bacterial cell as 2.0 μm. She then magnifies it 10,000 times using an electron microscope. What will be the length of the image in mm?

57.Complete the sentence: The function of the cell membrane is to control the movement of substances ___ and ___ the cell.

58.Fill in the blanks: The three parts of cell theory are: (1) All living organisms are composed of one or more ___. (2) The ___ is the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. (3) All cells arise from pre-existing ___.

59.A student measures the diameter of a spherical cell as 20 μm. What is the volume of this cell? (Volume of sphere = 4/3 π r³, use π = 3.14)

60.Complete the sentence: The organelle that controls cell activities and contains DNA is the ___.

61.Complete the sentence: The function of the chloroplast is to carry out ___.

62.Name the organelle that is responsible for protein synthesis.

63.Explain how the structure of a root hair cell is adapted to its function of absorbing water and minerals.

64.Describe how the structure of a red blood cell is adapted to its function of transporting oxygen.

65.Explain why the cell is considered the basic unit of life.

66.A spherical cell has a diameter of 20 μm. Calculate its volume in μm³. (Volume of sphere = 4/3 π r³, use π = 3.14)

67.A scientist measures the length of a bacterial cell as 2.0 μm. She then magnifies it 10,000 times using an electron microscope. What will be the length of the image in mm?

68.A student measures the diameter of a spherical cell as 20 μm. What is the volume of this cell? (Volume of sphere = 4/3 π r³, use π = 3.14)