Analysing language: word choice and imagery

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Word choice

Writers choose words for their connotations: the feelings and ideas a word suggests beyond its basic meaning. "Stroll" and "stagger" both mean walk but suggest very different moods.
A verb such as lurched or crept specifies a kind of movement and may suggest an attitude, feeling or atmosphere. Avoid assuming a character’s emotions without contextual evidence.
A semantic field groups words associated with a shared area of meaning, such as battle, assault and defences. A pattern may draw attention to conflict; explain how it works in the passage.

Contrasting connotations

Imagery and figurative language

A simile makes a figurative comparison, often using like or as. A metaphor presents one thing in terms of another and need not contain the verb is; for example, “Her words stabbed at him.”
Personification gives human qualities to non-human things: "the wind whispered".
Symbolism uses an object to represent an idea: a caged bird for lost freedom.
Sensory language appeals to the five senses and makes a scene vivid.

Imagining human qualities in nature

Other devices

Alliteration repeats initial sounds, onomatopoeia imitates sounds, hyperbole deliberately exaggerates, and an oxymoron places apparently contradictory terms together. Relate any label to its use in context.

Analysing effectively

Use the structure: point (what the writer does), evidence (a short quotation), analysis (what the word or image suggests and the effect on the reader).
Zoom in on one or two key words. Do not just name devices: always say what effect they create.
Reader responses can differ. Explain a plausible effect using the actual wording rather than asserting that all readers must react identically.

A storm as a language-analysis stimulus

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Câu hỏi luyện tập

Xem trước miễn phí — 8 trên 36 câu hỏi. Đăng ký để xem tất cả.

1.What is a simile?
Easy
- Aa comparison using 'like' or 'as'
- Bsaying something is something else
- Cgiving objects human qualities
- Drepeating a sound
2.What is a metaphor?
Easy
- Aa comparison using 'like'
- Ban exaggeration
- Ca sound word
- Dsaying one thing is another
3.'The sun smiled down on the children' is an example of:
Easy
- Ahyperbole
- Balliteration
- Cpersonification
- Dsimile
4.'Crash! Bang! Wallop!' are examples of:
Easy
- Ametaphor
- Bonomatopoeia
- Csimile
- Doxymoron
5.'Peter's pet parrot pecked' is an example of:
Easy
- Aalliteration
- Bassonance
- Csimile
- Dmetaphor
6.'I've told you a million times' is:
Easy
- Ametaphor
- Bsimile
- Cpersonification
- Dhyperbole
7.'A deafening silence' is an example of:
Easy
- Aalliteration
- Bonomatopoeia
- Coxymoron
- Dsimile
8.Which verb best suggests anger? "She ___ out of the room."
Easy
- Astrolled
- Bstormed
- Cwandered
- Ddrifted

Thêm câu hỏi

9.Which adjective most strongly helps create an ominous mood in: “The ___ corridor stretched ahead”?
Easy
- Agloomy
- Bsunny
- Ccheerful
- Dbright
10.What is a 'semantic field'?
Easy
- Aa repeated pattern of sentence lengths
- Btwo words with opposite meanings placed together
- Cthe order in which events are narrated
- Da group of words associated with a shared topic or area of meaning
11.What does 'connotation' mean?
Easy
- Aits spelling
- Bits sound
- Cthe feelings and ideas a word suggests
- Dits dictionary definition
12.'The old house groaned in the storm.' What does 'groaned' suggest?
Medium
- Athe house is happy
- Bthe house is presented as though it were straining or suffering
- Cthe house is new
- Dthe house is silent
13.'Her words were daggers.' What does this metaphor imply?
Medium
- Aher words were sharp and hurtful
- Bshe carried knives
- Cher words were silly
- Dshe was a soldier
14.'He was as brave as a lion.' What effect does the simile have?
Medium
- Ait shows his fear
- Bit shows his laziness
- Cit shows his age
- Dit shows his courage
15.Which shows a semantic field of war?
Medium
- A'bread', 'butter', 'jam'
- B'quiet', 'calm', 'still'
- C'battle', 'assault', 'defences'
- D'sunny', 'warm', 'bright'
16.In 'The dark clouds gathered like an army', what is the effect of 'like an army'?
Medium
- Ait is a metaphor
- Bit suggests threat and organisation
- Cit suggests peace
- Dit suggests sunshine
17.'The sea was angry' is an example of:
Medium
- Apersonification
- Bsimile
- Calliteration
- Doxymoron
18.Which sentence uses sensory language?
Medium
- A'It was a day.'
- B'There were 40 people.'
- C'The date was 5 June.'
- D'The air smelt of woodsmoke and rain.'
19.Which is the best analytical comment on 'The wind clawed at her coat'?
Medium
- AThe writer has used a technique, which always makes readers feel frightened.
- BThe coat is mentioned, so the main effect must be to show fashion.
- C“Clawed” suggests an aggressive grasp, presenting the wind as a threat to her.
- D“Clawed” is a verb, so the sentence must be fast-paced.
20.Which comment names a technique without analysing?
Medium
- A'The simile creates a sense of danger.'
- B'The writer uses a metaphor.'
- C'The metaphor suggests the room is a prison, making the narrator seem trapped.'
- D"The word 'trapped' implies no escape."
21.In 'a sea of faces', what is the effect of 'sea'?
Medium
- Ait suggests a huge, overwhelming crowd
- Bit suggests water in the room
- Cit suggests quiet
- Dit suggests the coast
22.What does the word 'lurched' suggest in 'The train lurched forward'?
Medium
- Asmooth movement
- Bstillness
- Cspeed only
- Da sudden, unsteady movement
23.'The silence screamed' contains:
Medium
- Aalliteration only
- Bonomatopoeia only
- Cpersonification and paradox
- Dsimile only
24.Which verb most strongly suggests stealth in “The thief ___ along the wall”?
Easy
- Astrolled loudly
- Bcrept
- Cmarched
- Dbounced
25.'Boom!' is:
Easy
- Aonomatopoeia
- Bhyperbole
- Cmetaphor
- Dsimile
26.What is alliteration?
Easy
- Arepetition of vowels
- Bexaggeration
- Ca comparison
- Drepetition of initial sounds
27.'The classroom was a zoo.' What does it suggest?
Medium
- Ait was quiet
- Bit was empty
- Cit was noisy and chaotic
- Dthere were animals
28.Why should language analysis explain how a specific choice works in context?
Medium
- Athere is no reason
- Bto show how it affects the reader
- Cto fill space
- Dto use big words
29.A simile uses the words 'like' or 'as'.
Easy
True or false?
30.Personification gives human qualities to non-human things.
Easy
True or false?
31.'Her voice was velvet' is a simile.
Easy
True or false?
32.You should always name a device and nothing more.
Easy
True or false?
33.Hyperbole is deliberate exaggeration.
Medium
True or false?
34.Which are figurative devices?
Medium
- Asimile
- Bmetaphor
- Cpersonification
- Dfull stop
- Eparagraph
35.Which are good features of language analysis?
Medium
- Aa short quotation
- Bzooming in on a key word
- Cexplaining the effect on the reader
- Donly naming the device
- Ecopying the whole extract
36.Analyse the effect of the verb 'crept' in: 'Fog crept over the harbour.'
Medium

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