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Dành cho nhà giáo dục: slide bài học, ghi chú ôn tập sẵn dùng cho Planning and structuring a piece of writing (English Language, Writing) — dùng trong bài giảng của bạn, hoặc chạy chủ đề như một hoạt động lớp học tương tác để người học chơi như một trò chơi trực tiếp.
A brief plan can focus ideas and give the response a clear shape. Choose the planning time for the task and the time available.
Identify form, audience and purpose, then select relevant points or events. Plan how to begin, develop and end without imposing a fixed number of points.
Plan for this task
Planning methods
Use a spider diagram, bullet list or sequence of boxes if useful. An argument might develop a viewpoint, reasons, alternatives and a conclusion. A narrative may use a build-up and climax or another deliberate shape.
Structure and paragraphs
Use paragraphs to organise ideas: a new paragraph for a new point, speaker, time, place or topic.
A topic sentence can signal the main point of an explanatory or argumentative paragraph. Other forms and effects may call for a different opening.
Use discourse markers (connectives) to link ideas: "First", "Furthermore", "However", "Meanwhile", "Consequently".
Vary structure: you could use a flashback, a circular structure or build to a climax.
Make the relationship clear
Beginnings and endings
Hook the reader in the opening line. In the ending, link back to the start or leave a lasting image or call to action.
Choose a purposeful ending
Managing time
For a 45-minute task, 5 minutes planning, 35 writing and 5 checking is one possible starting allocation. Adjust to the actual task, available time and your writing needs; do not assume every examination has the same timings.
Slide
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