The environment and global problems
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给教育者： 面向 The environment and global problems（German，Global Issues）的即用型课程幻灯片, 复习笔记——用在你的课堂上，或将该知识点作为学习者可实时游玩的互动课堂活动来运行。
课程笔记
Environmental problems
- Die Erderwärmung global warming, der Klimawandel climate change, die Umweltverschmutzung environmental pollution, der Müll waste, die Abholzung deforestation, die Dürre drought and die Überschwemmungen floods name distinct ideas. German nouns take capital initials.
- Das Abschmelzen der Gletscher means melting of glaciers, bedrohte Tierarten threatened animal species and der Treibhauseffekt greenhouse effect. Read whether a text describes the natural effect or an enhancement rather than assuming the vocabulary alone gives a scientific conclusion.
Distinguish the environmental vocabulary
What can we do
- Proposed actions include recyceln recycle, Wasser sparen save water, Müll trennen sort rubbish, das Licht ausschalten switch off the light and öffentliche Verkehrsmittel benutzen use public transport. Wiederverwenden means reuse and reduzieren reduce.
- Erneuerbare Energien nutzen means use renewable energy sources, including Solarenergie and Windenergie. Renewable does not mean impact-free or always available. Local sorting instructions and project details determine the relevant real-world action; the language models do not guarantee outcomes.
Express a proposed action
Modal verbs
- Wir müssen recyceln means we must recycle, wir sollten Wasser sparen we should save water and man kann helfen one can help. In these simple main clauses the finite modal comes second and the bare infinitive closes the verbal bracket, without zu.
- Man darf kein Wasser verschwenden expresses a prohibition. Man muss nicht kommen expresses lack of necessity, not a ban. Modal verbs have further uses and some sentences omit an understood infinitive; the examples here teach the complete stated pattern.
Distinguish modal meanings
Conditional
- Ich würde mehr Bäume pflanzen uses würde plus infinitive for I would plant more trees. Wäre is Konjunktiv II sein and hätte Konjunktiv II haben, which often describe a present or future hypothetical situation rather than an actual past event.
- Wenn ich Ministerin wäre, würde ich helfen; wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich helfen. The fronted wenn clause closes with wäre or hätte, then the main clause begins würde ich. These fictional roles and conditions need not reflect the learner’s identity.
Build the hypothetical model
Social issues
- Die Armut poverty, die Arbeitslosigkeit unemployment, der Hunger hunger, der Rassismus racism, die Ungleichheit inequality and der Krieg war are social-issue vocabulary. They do not establish any particular country’s present situation.
- Obdachlose or obdachlose Menschen means homeless people; Flüchtlinge or geflüchtete Menschen refugees. Use these terms respectfully and do not infer an individual’s circumstances or status from a name, appearance or vocabulary example.
Name social issues
Charity and help
- Eine Wohltätigkeitsorganisation is a charity and ehrenamtliche Arbeit voluntary work. Geld spenden means donate money, while Geld sammeln means collect or raise money. English spend in using money is Geld ausgeben.
- Original model: Letzte Woche haben wir Geld für eine Wohltätigkeitsorganisation gesammelt. Haben…gesammelt is perfect; für introduces the intended recipient. The model does not request a real donation or prove the outcome of a real organisation’s work.
Distinguish money-related verbs
Opinions
- Meiner Meinung nach marks an opinion: Meiner Meinung nach muss die Regierung handeln, weil wir nationale Regeln brauchen. The finite verb muss follows the opening phrase; brauchen closes the weil clause.
- Jeder muss etwas tun means everyone must do something; jeder is singular. Wir müssen etwas tun includes a plural we. A coherent language response may express another reasoned policy view; it need not endorse this fictional speaker’s position.
Attribute an opinion and reason
Time words
- Jetzt means now, bald soon, in Zukunft in the future and schon already in Ich weiß es schon. Noch nicht means not yet in Ich weiß es noch nicht. Interpret the complete expression rather than assigning one English gloss mechanically.
- Jetzt trennen wir Müll is present here; letzte Woche haben wir Geld gesammelt perfect; in Zukunft würden wir gern helfen a future wish expressed with Konjunktiv II. A time phrase alone does not determine grammatical tense or mood.
Read the time expression in context
幻灯片
练习题
免费预览——37 题中的 8 题。注册即可查看全部。
1.What does "der Müll" mean?
Easy- Awaste
- Bthe mill
- Cthe mule
- Dthe mood
2.What does "die Umweltverschmutzung" mean?
Easy- Aenvironmental protection
- Bthe environment shop
- Cworld cleaning
- Dpollution
3.What does "recyceln" mean?
Easy- Ato reduce
- Bto reuse
- Cto recycle
- Dto ride
4.What does "die Dürre" mean?
Easy- Afire
- Bdrought
- Cflood
- Dstorm
5.What does "die Überschwemmungen" mean?
Easy- Afloods
- Boverwatch
- Covertakings
- Doverweights
6.What does "die Armut" mean?
Easy- Aarm
- Bweapons
- Cwealth
- Dpoverty
7.What does "der Hunger" mean?
Easy- Aa hunter
- Ba forest
- Chunger
- DHungary
8.What does "der Krieg" mean?
Easy- Acreek
- Bwar
- Ccry
- Dcrisis
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