Listening and reading strategies in Spanish

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课程笔记

Read the task before choosing a strategy

If questions and preparation time are available, identify the required speaker, detail, answer language and number of marks. Predict a category such as number or place, not an unsupported final answer.
Follow the actual instructions for repetitions and preparation. AQA Spanish 8692, for example, distinguishes comprehension items heard twice from dictation sentences heard three times; this is a board-specific example, not a rule for every Spanish assessment.

Prepare according to the task

Check word resemblance against its meaning

Helpful pairs include música/music and importante/important in the taught senses. A cognate is related by origin; shared history or a similar form does not guarantee the same present-day meaning.
Misleading guesses include actualmente as actually, librería as library in a shopping context and sensible as practical for an easily-moved person. The correct meanings here are currently, bookshop and sensitive; a word pair can have overlap or other uses elsewhere.

Test the proposed meaning

Numbers, times and dates require the full detail

Distinguish quince 15, cincuenta 50, sesenta 60, setenta 70, noventa 90 and cien 100. A las ocho y cuarto is 8:15, a las nueve menos cuarto 8:45 and a la una y media 1:30.
El tres de mayo is 3 May. Ordinary month and weekday names are lower case within a sentence, such as mayo and lunes; a name at the start of a sentence still takes its normal initial capital.

Full number and time forms

A corrected detail replaces the first suggestion

Optional teacher-read script: Salimos a las ocho… perdón, a las ocho y cuarto. No vamos al museo; vamos al parque. The final departure is 08:15, and the destination is the park rather than the museum.
This is an original written script for a teacher to read aloud if useful, not an attached recording. With the text visible it is a reading example; do not claim it measures listening performance.

An original teacher-read script

Use the whole verb construction and time context

Ayer jugué uses past preterite; mañana voy a jugar uses ir a + infinitive for a plan; era divertido gives imperfect description in a stated earlier scene. Voy alone is not enough: voy al parque describes going to a place.
Shared forms need context: compramos can be present or preterite. A time phrase gives a reference without mechanically choosing one verb tense; mañana may mean morning in por la mañana rather than tomorrow.

Read complete constructions

Different tasks demand different responses

Comprehension asks for meaning, so answer in the specified language and format. Dictation asks for the Spanish words heard, with accurate spelling; translating or paraphrasing would be a different response.
For true/false/not-mentioned, separate contradiction from silence. A text that never mentions a ticket price does not prove the ticket is free; question types and scoring vary by paper.

Match response to demand

Translate meaning into natural English

Tengo quince años becomes I am fifteen in ordinary English. No compré nada can become I bought nothing or I did not buy anything; keep the speaker, tense and negative meaning without an unnatural word-for-word copy.
Use enough detail to answer the question and preserve pronoun referents, number and degree. Quite interesting is different from not interesting; a recognisable word alone does not determine the clause’s message.

Preserve meaning naturally

Unknown words: infer, check and keep uncertainty

Use the surrounding clause, word family and part of speech as clues. In una tienda donde se venden libros, the book-selling context helps interpret librería as bookshop if it appears in the same account.
A prefix or a familiar-looking ending is a clue, not proof. Check an inferred meaning against the rest of the text and avoid inventing an exact detail when only a broad category is supported.

Check an unknown-word inference

An original two-speaker reading has limits

Ana: Ayer fui al parque, pero no fui al museo. Luis: Yo fui al museo por la mañana. The text gives Ana’s park visit and rejected museum visit, and Luis’s museum visit in the morning.
No ticket price or visit duration is supplied. Por la mañana is morning here, and yo identifies Luis’s contrasting account. Use the actual evidence rather than infer a person, price or future plan from one word.

Two fictional speakers, separate evidence

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练习题

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1.What does "quince" mean?
Easy
- Afifteen
- Bfifty
- Cfive
- Dfourteen
2.What does "sesenta" mean?
Easy
- Asixteen
- Bsix
- Cseventy
- Dsixty
3.What does "setenta" mean?
Easy
- Aseven
- Bsixty
- Cseventy
- Dseventeen
4.What does "a las ocho y cuarto" mean?
Easy
- Aat eight
- Bat quarter past eight
- Cat quarter to eight
- Dat half past eight
5.What does "a las nueve menos cuarto" mean?
Easy
- Aat quarter to nine
- Bat quarter past nine
- Cat nine
- Dat half past nine
6.What does "a la una y media" mean?
Easy
- Aat one thirty five
- Bat one o'clock
- Cat quarter past one
- Dat half past one
7.What does "el tres de mayo" mean?
Easy
- Athe third month
- Bthe third day of the week
- Cthe third of May
- DMay the thirteenth
8.What does "embarazada" mean?
Easy
- Aembroidered
- Bpregnant
- Cembarrassed
- Dempty

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