Air Quality & Climate

9.Which of the following reactions occurs in a catalytic converter to reduce nitrogen monoxide?

10.What is a harmful effect of carbon monoxide?

11.Which of the following is a method to reduce carbon dioxide emissions?

12.What is the main cause of the enhanced greenhouse effect?

13.Which two gases are the main causes of acid rain?

14.In a catalytic converter, which reaction represents the reduction of nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen gas?

15.What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in clean, dry air?

16.Which of the following is a method to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions from power stations?

17.The complete combustion of methane produces carbon dioxide and water. What is the balanced equation for the complete combustion of methane?

18.Which of the following is a consequence of global warming?

19.Which gas is produced by the incomplete combustion of methane?

20.A sample of air is collected and passed through limewater. The limewater turns milky. Which gas is present in the air sample?

21.Which of the following strategies would reduce methane emissions?

22.In the reaction 2NO + 2CO → N₂ + 2CO₂, which substance is oxidised?

23.In flue gas desulfurisation, a wet slurry of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate is sprayed into the waste gases. What is the main purpose of this process?

24.In a catalytic converter, which statement best describes the role of the honeycomb structure?

25.The incomplete combustion of methane can produce carbon monoxide and particulates. Which equation represents the formation of carbon particulates from methane?

26.Which of the following is an adverse effect of carbon monoxide?

27.In the reaction 2NO + 2CO → N₂ + 2CO₂, which substance is reduced?

28.Which of the following is a strategy to reduce methane emissions?

29.A sample of air is passed through limewater. The limewater turns milky. Which gas is present in the air sample?

30.Which of the following is a product of the reaction between calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide in flue gas desulfurisation?

31.In a catalytic converter, unburned hydrocarbons are oxidised. What are the products of this oxidation?

32.Which gas is produced by the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon in excess oxygen?

33.Which reaction represents the reduction of nitrogen monoxide in a catalytic converter?

34.Which method helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions?

35.In a laboratory experiment, a student measures the volume of gas produced when a sample of air is passed through a solution of potassium hydroxide, which absorbs carbon dioxide. The initial volume of air is 100 cm³. After passing through the solution, the volume decreases to 99.96 cm³. What is the approximate percentage of carbon dioxide in the air sample?

36.Nitrogen dioxide crystals are heated steadily. The temperature rises, then stays constant while the crystals change from solid to liquid, then rises again. What is the process occurring during the constant-temperature period?

37.A car engine produces exhaust gases containing nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide. In a catalytic converter, these gases react to form nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Which statement describes the role of nitrogen monoxide in this reaction?

38.The table shows the concentration of four gases in the atmosphere. | Gas | Concentration | |---|---| | Nitrogen | 78.0% | | Oxygen | 21.0% | | Argon | 0.9% | | Carbon dioxide | 0.04% | Which gas is most likely to be a pollutant produced by human activity?

39.Which two gases are the main components of clean, dry air?

40.Carbon monoxide is produced by the complete combustion of fossil fuels.

41.Which of the following is a source of methane emissions?

42.Sulfur dioxide dissolves in rainwater to form acid rain.

43.What is the main function of a catalytic converter in a car?

44.Which of the following are greenhouse gases? (Select all that apply)

45.Match each air pollutant to its primary source.

46.Arrange the following steps in the correct order for the greenhouse effect:

47.Which of the following are methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions? (Select all that apply)

48.Complete the word equation for photosynthesis.

49.State one adverse effect of carbon monoxide on human health.

50.A power station burns coal containing 1.5% sulfur by mass. If the coal is burned at a rate of 1000 tonnes per day, what mass of sulfur dioxide is produced per day? (Assume all sulfur is converted to SO₂; relative atomic masses: S=32, O=16)

51.A power station burns coal containing 1.5% sulfur by mass. If the coal is burned at a rate of 1000 tonnes per day, what mass of sulfur dioxide is produced per day? (Assume all sulfur is converted to SO₂; relative atomic masses: S=32, O=16)