Types of rock and the rock cycle

9.Igneous rocks are formed when:

10.Why do intrusive igneous rocks have larger crystals than extrusive igneous rocks?

11.Which of the following is an example of an igneous rock?

12.Why are fossils only found in sedimentary rocks?

13.A geologist finds a rock with large, visible crystals. Where did this rock most likely form?

14.A sample of rock fizzes when dilute acid is added, indicating it contains calcium carbonate. Which rock type is it most likely to be?

15.The table shows the percentage of different minerals in three rock samples. Which sample is most likely an extrusive igneous rock? Sample | Mineral A | Mineral B | Mineral C X | 60% | 30% | 10% Y | 20% | 50% | 30% Z | 10% | 20% | 70%

16.Which of the following is NOT a type of rock?

17.A rock contains fossils. What type of rock is it most likely to be?

18.The diagram shows the rock cycle. Which process is represented by arrow 1? [Diagram: Rock cycle with arrows labelled 1, 2, 3, 4. Arrow 1 points from 'sediment' to 'sedimentary rock'.]

19.Which of the following processes is part of the rock cycle?

20.A student observes that granite has larger crystals than basalt. Which statement explains this?

21.What is the name for molten rock that reaches the Earth's surface?

22.Which rock is formed from shale under heat and pressure?

23.A rock sample has a glassy texture with no visible crystals. How did it most likely form?

24.In the rock cycle, which sequence correctly shows the formation of a metamorphic rock from a sedimentary rock?

25.A student adds a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid to a rock sample. The sample fizzes, producing bubbles. Which rock is the student most likely testing?

26.In an experiment, two identical rock samples are placed in separate beakers of water. One beaker is left at room temperature, the other is heated to 60°C. After 24 hours, which beaker would likely show more sediment?

27.A geologist finds a rock that is fine-grained and contains small crystals of feldspar and pyroxene. She suspects it is an extrusive igneous rock. Which observation would best confirm this?

28.The diagram shows a rock cycle. Which arrow represents metamorphism?

29.A student observes that a rock sample has a shiny, metallic appearance and is very dense. Which test would best help identify if it is a rock or a man-made object?

30.A student sets up an experiment to model the formation of sedimentary rock. She places layers of sand and small pebbles in a clear plastic tube, then applies a weight on top. After one week, she observes that the layers are compressed. What does the weight represent?

31.A geologist collects a rock sample from a volcano. The rock is black, has tiny holes, and is light in weight. What type of rock is it most likely?

32.A student is given three rock samples: one with visible fossils, one with a glassy texture, and one with distinct layers. Which sample is most likely metamorphic?

33.Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of sedimentary rock?

34.A science class is investigating the rate of weathering of different rock types. They place equal-sized cubes of limestone, granite, and slate in separate beakers of dilute acid and measure the time until they stop fizzing. Which variable should be kept constant?

35.The table shows the results of a streak test on four rock samples. Which sample is most likely to contain iron?

36.A student wants to demonstrate that heat and pressure can change a rock. She places a sedimentary rock sample in a clamp and heats it with a Bunsen burner while applying pressure with a vice. What safety precaution should she take?

37.Which of the following is an example of an extrusive igneous rock?

38.A rock has large, visible crystals. Where did it most likely form?

39.Which process is responsible for turning sediment into sedimentary rock?

40.Which rock is formed when shale is subjected to intense heat and pressure?

41.Which of the following is NOT one of the three main types of rock?

42.Sedimentary rocks are formed from the cooling of molten rock.

43.Which rock is formed from shale under intense heat and pressure?

44.Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly and have large crystals.

45.Metamorphic rocks can be formed from both sedimentary and igneous rocks.

46.Put the following steps in the correct order to show how a sedimentary rock forms from a pre-existing rock:

47.Match each rock type to its formation process.

48.Put the following steps in the correct order to show how a sedimentary rock forms from a pre-existing rock.

49.Which of the following are examples of metamorphic rocks? (Select all that apply)

50.Which of the following best describes why intrusive igneous rocks have larger crystals than extrusive igneous rocks?

51.Complete the sentence.

52.Write the missing word.

53.Complete the sentence:

54.Explain why fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks.

55.A sample of granite contains crystals that are 5 mm in diameter. A sample of basalt contains crystals that are 0.5 mm in diameter. How many times larger are the crystals in granite compared to basalt?

56.Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks. Using your knowledge about how metamorphic and igneous rocks are made, explain why this is the case.

57.A sample of granite contains crystals that are 5 mm in diameter. A sample of basalt contains crystals that are 0.5 mm in diameter. How many times larger are the crystals in granite compared to basalt?