Inheritance Genes And Cell Division

9.What term describes an individual having two different alleles of a gene?

10.A genetic cross is carried out between a homozygous recessive short plant and a heterozygous tall plant. What is the probability that an offspring will be short?

11.What term describes an alternative form of a gene?

12.In the Punnett square below, what is the genotype of the offspring in the top left square?

13.A gene is a short length of DNA found on a chromosome that codes for a specific protein.

14.Mitosis is used for growth, repair of damaged tissues, replacement of cells, and asexual reproduction.

15.Meiosis results in two genetically identical cells.

16.A dominant allele needs to be inherited from both parents in order for the characteristic to show up in the phenotype.

17.Haploid nuclei contain two sets of chromosomes.

18.The observable characteristics of an organism are called the genotype.

19.In a Punnett square, the dominant allele is shown using a capital letter and the recessive allele is shown using the same letter but lowercase.

20.Alleles are variations of the same gene.

21.In a family pedigree diagram, males are indicated by circles and females by squares.

22.Meiosis is a reduction division that halves the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.

23.If the two alleles of a gene are different, the individual is described as homozygous.

24.Match each term with its correct description.

25.Arrange the following events in the correct order for a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt).

26.Which of the following are true about meiosis? (Select all that apply)

27.In humans, the sex chromosomes of a biological female are XY.

28.In a family pedigree chart, which shape is used to represent a female?

29.A cell has 12 chromosomes. After mitosis, each daughter cell has how many chromosomes?

30.What is the probability that a child will be male?

31.Which of the following are functions of mitosis? (Select all that apply)

32.A gene codes for a specific protein. Which of these is an example of a protein a gene might code for?

33.In the Punnett square below, what is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?

34.In a species of plant, the diploid chromosome number is 14. How many chromosomes would be present in a haploid gamete?

35.The diagram shows part of a family pedigree for a recessive genetic disorder (affected individuals have an orange/red outline). In the family on the left, an affected father and an unaffected mother have an affected daughter and an unaffected son. What must the unaffected mother's genotype be for the disorder allele?

36.Meiosis results in the production of four genetically identical daughter cells.

37.Match each cell division type to its correct description.

38.Arrange the following events in the correct order for a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt × Tt) to determine the probability of offspring genotypes.

39.Which of the following statements about alleles are correct? (Select all that apply)

40.In a species of bird, the diploid chromosome number is 80. How many chromosomes would be present in a cell after meiosis I?

41.In an investigation, a student placed a piece of onion root tip in a stain that makes chromosomes visible. Which region of the root tip should the student examine to find cells undergoing mitosis?

42.A student investigates the effect of temperature on the rate of mitosis in onion root tips. They count the number of cells in mitosis per 100 cells at different temperatures. Which of the following are essential controls in this experiment? (Select all that apply)

43.In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt × Tt), the expected phenotypic ratio of offspring is 1:2:1.

44.Match each term on the left with its correct description on the right.

45.A pure breeding tall pea plant (TT) is crossed with a pure breeding short pea plant (tt). What percentage of the offspring will be tall?

46.Complete the sentences about chromosomes.

47.What is the term for an individual having two different alleles of a gene?

48.Complete the sentence.

49.In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous tall plants (Tt × Tt), what is the probability (as a percentage) that an offspring will be short?

50.What is the name of the structure that carries genetic information and is found in the nucleus of cells?

51.A cell has 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, each daughter cell has how many chromosomes?

52.How many chromosomes are in a human haploid gamete?

53.State two differences between mitosis and meiosis.

54.Describe two differences between mitosis and meiosis.

55.Describe how a Punnett square can be used to predict the probability of offspring inheriting a recessive condition from two heterozygous parents.

56.A pure breeding tall pea plant (TT) is crossed with a pure breeding short pea plant (tt). What percentage of the offspring will be tall?

57.In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous tall plants (Tt × Tt), what is the probability (as a percentage) that an offspring will be short?

58.A cell has 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, each daughter cell has how many chromosomes?

59.How many chromosomes are in a human haploid gamete?