Air pollution, climate and evidence

9.Which of the following reactions occurs in a catalytic converter to reduce nitrogen monoxide?

10.What is a harmful effect of carbon monoxide?

11.Which of the following is a method to reduce carbon dioxide emissions?

12.What is the main cause of the enhanced greenhouse effect?

13.Which two gases are the main causes of acid rain?

14.In a catalytic converter, which reaction represents the reduction of nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen gas?

15.What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in clean, dry air?

16.Which of the following is a method to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions from power stations?

17.The complete combustion of methane produces carbon dioxide and water. What is the balanced equation for the complete combustion of methane?

18.Which of the following is a consequence of global warming?

19.Which gas is produced by the incomplete combustion of methane?

20.A sample of air is collected and passed through limewater. The limewater turns milky. Which gas is present in the air sample?

21.Which of the following strategies would reduce methane emissions?

22.In the reaction 2NO + 2CO → N₂ + 2CO₂, which substance is oxidised?

23.In flue gas desulfurisation, a wet slurry of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate is sprayed into the waste gases. What is the main purpose of this process?

24.In a catalytic converter, which statement best describes the role of the honeycomb structure?

25.The incomplete combustion of methane can produce carbon monoxide and particulates. Which equation represents the formation of carbon particulates from methane?

26.Which of the following is an adverse effect of carbon monoxide?

27.In the reaction 2NO + 2CO → N₂ + 2CO₂, which substance is reduced?

28.Which of the following is a strategy to reduce methane emissions?

29.A sample of air is passed through limewater. The limewater turns milky. Which gas is present in the air sample?

30.Which of the following is a product of the reaction between calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide in flue gas desulfurisation?

31.Complete the word equation for photosynthesis.

32.State one adverse effect of carbon monoxide on human health.

33.A power station burns coal containing 1.5% sulfur by mass. If the coal is burned at a rate of 1000 tonnes per day, what mass of sulfur dioxide is produced per day? (Assume all sulfur is converted to SO₂; relative atomic masses: S=32, O=16)

34.In a catalytic converter, unburned hydrocarbons are oxidised. What are the products of this oxidation?

35.Which gas is produced by the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon in excess oxygen?

36.Which reaction represents the reduction of nitrogen monoxide in a catalytic converter?

37.Which method helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions?

38.In a laboratory experiment, a student measures the volume of gas produced when a sample of air is passed through a solution of potassium hydroxide, which absorbs carbon dioxide. The initial volume of air is 100 cm³. After passing through the solution, the volume decreases to 99.96 cm³. What is the approximate percentage of carbon dioxide in the air sample?

39.Nitrogen dioxide crystals are heated steadily. The temperature rises, then stays constant while the crystals change from solid to liquid, then rises again. What is the process occurring during the constant-temperature period?

40.A car engine produces exhaust gases containing nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide. In a catalytic converter, these gases react to form nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Which statement describes the role of nitrogen monoxide in this reaction?

41.Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. What is the independent variable?

42.Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. Which observation or quantity is the dependent variable?

43.Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. Which decision best controls another factor in this comparison?

44.Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. Why should the class repeat measurements or check multiple comparable observations?

45.A class is evaluating an application of air pollution, climate and evidence. Which statement identifies a relevant limitation?

46.Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. Which conclusion is most justified by a controlled comparison?

47.Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. Select the two practices that strengthen the validity of this comparison.

48.When evaluating evidence about air pollution, climate and evidence, select the two scientifically defensible statements.

49.Design a fair investigation for this question: Use an existing monitoring dataset to compare particulate concentrations at two sites over the same dates. Identify what to compare, what to record and one control.

50.Explain one use of the science in air pollution, climate and evidence and evaluate one limitation of the evidence or application.

51.A class dataset gives daily particulate concentrations of 12, 18 and 15 micrograms/m3 at one site. What is the mean for those days?

52.A roadside monitor records higher particulate concentrations than a park monitor on one day. Which conclusion is best supported?